How does alcohol consumption impact vitamin levels?

Alcohol consumption significantly impacts nutrient absorption and metabolism in the body, particularly with respect to B vitamins. Chronic alcohol intake can lead to impaired absorption of these vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract. This occurs because alcohol can damage the cells lining the intestines, negatively affecting their ability to absorb nutrients effectively. Furthermore, alcohol can interfere with the conversion of certain nutrients into their active forms and impact liver function, where many B vitamins are metabolized.

Specifically, nutrients like thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pyridoxine (B6), and cobalamin (B12) are particularly vulnerable to the effects of alcohol. As a result, individuals with heavy alcohol consumption may develop deficiencies in these essential vitamins, leading to various health problems, including neurological issues and metabolic disorders.

The other options do not accurately represent the effects of alcohol on vitamin levels. It does not increase vitamin A levels or enhance vitamin D metabolism, and the assertion that alcohol has no effect on vitamins contradicts established research showing its detrimental impact on vitamin absorption.